Ka tiakina e koe ngā paipa rino mai i te waikura mā te whakamahi i te whakakikorua wera.Ngā taputapu whakawera wera mō ngā paipa rinoe hipoki ana i ia paipa ki te konutea, e hanga ana i te whakangungu rakau hei ārai i te waikura.Ngā paipa Ngā raina whakapūmauāwhina kia pakari, kia ōrite te whakaotinga. Tirohia te tūtohi i raro nei. E whakaatu ana i te roa o te ora o ngā paipa piauau i roto i ngā taiao rerekē.
Ngā Whakaaro Matua
- Te whakapūmau wera-toiaKa tiaki i ngā paipa rino mai i te waikura mā te pani i tētahi paninga matotoru o te konutea, hei ārai i te waikura.
- Te whakarite tika o te matahe mea tino nui. Mā te horoi me te whakapūkara i ngā paipa ka piri pai te konutea, ka ārai i ngā hapa o te paninga.
- He roa te mau o ngā paipa piauau, e 40 ki te 50 tau te roa, ā, he mea utu iti tēnei mō ngā momo ahumahi.
Ngā Taputapu me ngā Hipanga Tukanga mō te Whakarewa Paipa Rino
Paipa maitaingā taputapu whakawera weraKa āwhina i a koe ki te tiaki i ngā paipa rino mai i te waikura me te kino. Ka whakamahia e koe ēnei taputapu i roto i ngā ahumahi maha, pērā i te hanga, te mīhini, ngā tipu matū, me ngā ara rerewē. Ka taea e ngā taputapu te whakahaere i ngā paipa he whānui mai i te 1/2 ki te 10 inihi me te roa mai i te 4 ki te 8 mita. Ka taea e ia te pani i ngā paipa ki te konutea he taumaha i waenga i te 50 me te 400 karamu ia mita tapawha. Ka taea e ngā taputapu te tukatuka tae atu ki te 80,000 tana o ngā paipa rino ia tau.
| Taonga | Whakatakotoranga |
|---|---|
| rauemi | waea maitai |
| whānuitanga diameter | 1/2 ~ 10 inihi |
| whānuitanga roa o te paipa | 4~8 mita |
| momo paninga | konutea |
| taumaha paninga | 50~400g/m2 |
| te kaha | 40000~80000T/tau |
Te Whakarite me te Horoi i te Mata
Ka tīmata mā te horoi i ngā paipa rino. Ka tangohia e tēnei taahiraa te paru, te hinu, me ētahi atu poke. Ki te kore koe e horoi, kāore e piri pai te paninga konutea. Me tango e koe te para whakarewa, ngā pūwero, te unahi mira, ngā wanihi, ngā epoxies, te onepu, ngā peita hinu, ngā tohu pene rākau, me te ware matotoru, te hinu rānei. Ka whakamahia e koe he kaukau tango hinu me te konutai hauwai hei tango i ngā hinu me ngā hinu. I muri i te tango hinu, ka horoia ngā paipa ki te wai. Kātahi ka whakamahia te waikawa hauwaiora, te waikawa whanariki rānei hei tango i te waikura me te unahi mira. Ka kiia tēnei taahiraa ko te pickling.
Tohutohu: Horoia ngā paipa i muri i te horoinga waikawa kia tangohia katoatia ngā toenga waikawa. Whakamaroketia rawatia ngā paipa i mua i te neke atu ki te taahiraa e whai ake nei.
Te Whakarerekē i ngā Paipa Rino
Muri iho, ka toua ngā paipa ki roto i te wairewa rere. Ka tangohia e te rere ngā waikura e toe ana, ā, ka ārai i te waikura hou i mua i te paninga o ngā paipa ki te konutea. Ka whakamahia e koe te wairewa konutea ammonium chloride mō tēnei taahiraa. Ko te pāmahana pai rawa atu mō te rere kei waenganui i te 60 me te 80 °C. Mā tēnei pāmahana ka āwhina te rere ki te horoi pai i te mata maitai. Ko ngā kaihoko rere matua ko te konutea chloride me te ammonium chloride. Ka tangohia e ēnei matū te waikura rino, ā, ka whakapai ake i te rere o te konutea. Ka āwhina hoki te rere i a koe ki te whakamahi i te konutea iti iho, ā, ka whakaiti i te para.
- Konutea konutea: 60–80%
- Haukiniuma pūhaumāota: 7–20%
- Ngā kaihoko whakarerekētanga rere: 2–20%
- Ētahi atu matū: nikara, kopara, konupora, mata, tine, bismuth, antimony
Te rumaki i roto i te Kaukau Konutea
Kātahi ka rumakina ngā paipa ki roto i te kaukau konutea rewa. Mā ngā taputapu whakawera wera paipa rino ka pupuri i te kaukau konutea ki te pāmahana tika, i waenga i te 825 me te 870 °F (440–460 °C). Ka puritia ngā paipa ki roto i te kaukau mō te 5 ki te 15 meneti. I tēnei wā ka tukua te konutea kia piri ki te rino, kia hanga he paninga pakari, kia ōrite. Ka hipokina e te kaukau konutea ia wāhanga o te paipa, tae atu ki roto me te taha o ngā whakarewa.
Kia mahara: Ki te kore koe e whakahaere i te pāmahana, i te wā rānei, ka puta pea he hapa pēnei i te whewhe paru, te pupuhi, te tihore rānei.
Te Whakamatao me te Horoi Whakamutunga
I muri i te tango i ngā paipa mai i te kaukau konutea, ka whakamataohia e koe i roto i te tāke tinei. Ka mutu te tauhohenga i waenga i te konutea me te hau mā te whakamatao. Kātahi ka horoia ngā paipa ki te wai māori hei tango i ngā matū e toe ana. Mena i whakamahia e koe te horoi waikawa, horoia anō ngā paipa. Whakamarokehia ngā paipa ki te hau wera kia kore ai he makuku e toe ana. Mā tēnei mahi ka noho ma te mata, ā, ka ārai i te waikura mā.
- Horoia ki te wai māori
- Whakamaroke ki te hau wera
- Penapenahia ngā paipa ki te wāhi maroke
Tirotiro me te Whakamātautau Kounga
Me tirotirohia e koe ngā paipa kia tino pakari, kia ōrite hoki te paninga. Ka whakamahia e koe ngā tirotiro tirohanga, ngā ine matotoru, me ngā whakamātautau mō te ōritetanga. Ka tirohia hoki e koe te taratara, te waikura, me te kino. Ka ine koe i te rahi o te paipa, ka rapu hoki mēnā he turuturu. Ka whai koe i ngā paerewa pēnei i te ASTM A500 me te EN 10219. Mā ēnei paerewa koe e āwhina kia roa te mau o ngā paipa, kia ātete hoki ki te waikura.
Tikanga Tirotiro Whakaahuatanga Tirotiro ā-kanohi Tirohia mēnā he maeneene, he hapa, he waikura rānei Te matotoru o te paparanga Whakamahia ngā mita hei ine i te matotoru o te paninga Te ōritetanga Rapua he paninga e kiri ana, he paninga kāore i te ōrite rānei Te taratara Whakamātauria te taratara o te mata Tirotiro waikura Kimihia ngā karawarawa, ngā pakaru rānei Kounga whakarewa Tirohia mēnā he pakaru, he paru rānei Te hanganga matū Whakamātauria te ihirangi tika o te konutea me te maitai Te whanonga mīhini Inehia te kaha me te ngāwari Tirotiro i ngā āhuatanga Whakaūtia te whānui, te matotoru, me te roa Waitohu me te tohu Tirohia mēnā he tika ngā tapanga Whakamātautau turuturu Kia tino mohio kāore he pakaru, he kōhao rānei o ngā paipa Whakamaumahara Haumaru: Me whai tonu i ngā ture haumaru ina whakamahi ana i ngā taputapu whakawera wera paipa rino. Tirohia ngā paipa mēnā he kino, ā, kia pai te kounga o te wai hei ārai i te waikura.
Ngā Painga o ngā Taputapu Whakarewa Paipa Rino
Te Tiakitanga Pai rawa atu mō te Waikura me te Waikura
Ka whiwhi koe i te parenga kaha mai i te waikura ina whakamahia e koetaputapu whakawera wera paipa maitaiKa hangaia e te paninga konutea he ārai matotoru e pupuri ana i te wai, te hau, me ngā matū kia matara atu i te maitai. He pai ake te mahi a tēnei ārai i te peita, i ngā paninga angiangi rānei. Ka tiakina hoki e te konutea te maitai mēnā ka rakurakuhia te paninga. Ka waikura tuatahi te konutea, ka ora ai te maitai i raro.
- Ka tū pakari te paparanga konutea matotoru ki ngā huarere kino me ngā matū.
- Ka whakamahia tēnei tikanga mō ngā piriti, ngā reera, me ngā paipa o waho nā te mea he roa ake te mau.
- Ka whakamahia e te paninga konutea ngā ārai me te tiaki patunga tapu, kia noho haumaru ai ō paipa ahakoa kua pakaru te mata.
E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau pūtaiao ka hangaia e te konutea he pūhui motuhake, pērā i te ZnO me te Zn5Cl2(OH)8, e whakaroa ana i te waikura, e pupuri ana hoki i te kaha o ngā paipa i roto i ngā taiao uaua.
Tikanga Whakaahuatanga Parenga Ārai Ka āraia e te paparanga konutea te wai me te hau kei tae atu ki te maitai. Te Tiakitanga o te Patunga Tapu Ka waikura te konutea i mua i te maitai, ā, ka tiakina tonutia ahakoa kua rakurakuhia. Te Huarere Taiao I roto i te wā, ka hangaia e te konutea ētahi atu paparanga hei tāpiri atu i te tiakitanga. Te Whakapai Ake i te Manawanui me te Roa o te Ora
Ka roa pea te ora o ngā paipa kua whakakikoruatia mō ngā tekau tau. Mēnā he matotoru te paninga konutea, ka roa ake te ora o ō paipa. Hei tauira:
Momo Paninga Te Roa o te Ora e Tūmanakohia ana i ngā Taiao Taurite G30 5–10 tau G90 20 tau, neke atu rānei Ko te nuinga o ngā paipa whakapūmau ka roa ake mō te 40 ki te 50 tau. I ngā wāhi maroke, ka roa ake te ora. Ki te whakamahi koe i ngā taputapu whakapūmau wera-toka paipa rino, ka āwhina koe i ō paipa kia ātete ki te waikura me te kino mō ngā tau maha.
- Ka roa pea ngā paipa i ngā wāhi iti te makuku ki te 70 tau.
- I ngā wāhi mākū, i ngā wāhi tote rānei, he poto ake pea te roa o te ora, engari he roa ake i te maitai kāore i pania.
Te Whai Hua me te Tiaki Iti
Ka penapena moni koe i roto i te wā mā te whakamahi i ngā paipa kua whakakikoruatia. He nui ake te utu tīmatanga i te peita, engari he iti ake te whakapaunga moni mō ngā whakatikatika me te tiaki. Anei tētahi whakatairite tere:
Tikanga Tiaki Te Utu Tuatahi Te roanga o te ora (tau) Ngā Utu Tiaki NPV Te Whakarewatanga i te Tukunga-Hot 100 25 0 100 Pūnaha Peita 90 8 169 169 He iti ake te horoi me te whakatikatika i ngā paipa kōwiri. Nā te kaha o te paninga, kāore koe e manukanuka ki te waikura, ki te turuturu rānei i ngā wā katoa. He kōwhiringa mohio tēnei mō ngā kaupapa nui me ngā wāhi e hiahia ana koe kia roa te mau o ngā paipa.
Mā ngā taputapu whakawera wera koe e āwhina ki te tiaki i ngā paipa rino mō ngā tau maha. Ka whiwhi koe i te mahi pono i roto i ngā taiao rerekē.
- Ko te roa o te ora e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā āhuatanga taiao.
- E ai ki ngā tohungaka pāngia ia taahiraa tukangate kounga me te kaha o te paninga.
Hipanga Pānga ki te Whai Huatanga Te horoi Ka whakapai ake i te piri me te aukati i ngā hapa Te pīkara Ka pā ki te maeneene me te kounga Te rere haere Ka whakarite kia rere ōrite te konutea Rukuhia Whakahaere i te matotoru me te kounga o roto Tirotiro E whakaū ana kua tutuki te paninga i ngā paerewa
Wā tuku: Hepetema-11-2025